![]() Via the “What’s Happening?” feed in Scratch, Jessica was able to learn about casting calls for Warrior Cat digital stories. Due to her interest in the Warrior Cat series by Erin Hunter, my daughter began to follow Scratchers who created Warrior Cat products. Scratchers are able to follow each other and receive updates regarding recent activity. Scratch members collaborate to create animated products. Upon learning my daughter wanted to submit recorded lines for auditions, I discovered a complex system used to collaborate and create digital stories. Images and sounds can also be imported or created using the built-in paint tool and sound recorder. An intuitive user interface makes programming easy and enjoyable for children ( Resnick et al., 2009). Last, the Script is a set of programming blocks, which are associated with either the Sprite or the Stage to control behavior. The Sprite can sing, dance, and even change its appearance. Although a variety of Sprites is available, users can also easily create their own Sprites with the use of a built-in-paint tool or by importing an external graphic file. A Sprite serves as the two-dimensional actor in the “real-world show” ( Lee, 2011, p. A Stage serves as the backdrop to all Scratch programs, complete with background images, music, and sound. ![]() Development of a Scratch program is conceptually similar to directing and producing a performance ( Lee, 2011). ![]() The three major components within a Scratch program consist of Stage, Sprite, and Script. Scratch added programmability to media-manipulation activities, popular in youth culture, to encourage children to learn via exploration and peer sharing, with a decreased focus on direct instruction compared with other program languages ( Maloney et al., 2010). Multimodal texts, as they are called, incorporate and integrate written, oral, visual, gestural, audio, and tactile texts to communicate meaning. An explosion in technological advances, often referred to as digital literacies, provides opportunities to creatively embed multimodal forms of communication into a staggering array of texts, where “text” itself is undergoing expansion beyond print ( Cope & Kalantzis, 2009). Literacy, originally concerned with print-based texts, has expanded to include a wide variety of communication tools ( Coiro, 2003 Jenkins & Kelley, 2013). Certainly, definitions of literacy evolve as expansions in media used for communication are introduced. Of course, with the multimedia expansion of literacy practices, there is much we do not catch each day. But this time, Jessica was a step ahead of me. All subjects Allied Health Cardiology & Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Emergency Medicine & Critical Care Endocrinology & Metabolism Environmental Science General Medicine Geriatrics Infectious Diseases Medico-legal Neurology Nursing Nutrition Obstetrics & Gynecology Oncology Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine Otolaryngology Palliative Medicine & Chronic Care Pediatrics Pharmacology & Toxicology Psychiatry & Psychology Public Health Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine Radiology Research Methods & Evaluation Rheumatology Surgery Tropical Medicine Veterinary Medicine Cell Biology Clinical Biochemistry Environmental Science Life Sciences Neuroscience Pharmacology & Toxicology Biomedical Engineering Engineering & Computing Environmental Engineering Materials Science Anthropology & Archaeology Communication & Media Studies Criminology & Criminal Justice Cultural Studies Economics & Development Education Environmental Studies Ethnic Studies Family Studies Gender Studies Geography Gerontology & Aging Group Studies History Information Science Interpersonal Violence Language & Linguistics Law Management & Organization Studies Marketing & Hospitality Music Peace Studies & Conflict Resolution Philosophy Politics & International Relations Psychoanalysis Psychology & Counseling Public Administration Regional Studies Religion Research Methods & Evaluation Science & Society Studies Social Work & Social Policy Sociology Special Education Urban Studies & Planning BROWSE JOURNALSĪs a teacher educator who specializes in digital literacies, I consistently refine my perspectives of literacy and authentic literacy practices, especially as they connect with digital literacy.
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